{"id":2307,"date":"2026-05-27T06:35:56","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T03:35:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/advokat-po-kredytam\/restrukturyzacziya-borgu\/"},"modified":"2026-07-15T11:58:41","modified_gmt":"2026-07-15T08:58:41","slug":"restrukturyzacziya-borgu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/en\/advokat-po-kredytam\/restrukturyzacziya-borgu\/","title":{"rendered":"Debt restructuring"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Debt restructuring involves changing the terms of repayment: a new repayment schedule, reduced instalments, a deferral, or the partial write-off of late payment charges and penalties. The bank does not agree to this out of kindness, but out of self-interest: it is better to receive the money more slowly than not to receive it at all.<\/p>\n<p>But there is one step that almost everyone gets wrong: <strong>they agree to a deal without checking the amount of the debt<\/strong>. And this amount often includes items that cannot be recovered \u2014 unlawful fees, late payment charges accrued in excess of permitted limits, and interest charged by microfinance organisations that exceeds statutory limits.<\/p>\n<p>First \u2014 an audit of the debt. Then \u2014 negotiations. Restructuring an inflated amount means voluntarily accepting what a court could have set aside.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"tel:380955545424\">+38 095 554-54-24<\/a> \u2014 legal advice<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Three restructuring scenarios<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Out-of-court settlement<\/h3>\n<p>The cheapest option. The creditor and debtor sign a supplementary agreement: a new repayment schedule, reduced instalments, a repayment holiday, and partial write-off of penalties.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What can usually be negotiated:<\/strong> a reduction in late payment charges and penalties (banks are keen to write these off as they won\u2019t receive them anyway), a deferral of the <a href=\"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/en\/advokat-po-kredytam\/\">loan principal<\/a>, and an extension of the term.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What you won\u2019t be able to achieve:<\/strong> write-off of the principal debt without cause. This only happens in the event of bankruptcy or where there are material defects in the contract.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The main pitfall:<\/strong> by signing the agreement, you <strong>acknowledge the amount of the debt<\/strong>. If it contains unlawful charges, it will be much more difficult to challenge them after signing.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Through the courts \u2014 within the scope of the dispute<\/h3>\n<p>If the creditor has already filed a claim, the court may <strong>reduce the amount of the penalty<\/strong> if it is disproportionately high compared to the creditor\u2019s losses (Article 551 of the Civil Code). This works: courts regularly reduce penalties and fines by a factor of several.<\/p>\n<p>It is also possible to challenge unlawful fees in court, apply the limitation period to part of the claims, and have charges that do not comply with the contract removed.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Through personal bankruptcy<\/h3>\n<p>This is also a form of restructuring \u2014 but a judicial one, involving an insolvency practitioner. The restructuring plan is approved within <strong>120 days<\/strong> of the date proceedings are opened, and the accrual of penalties and fines ceases immediately.<\/p>\n<p>For more details: <a href=\"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/en\/advokat-po-kredytam\/proczedura-bankrutstva-fizychnoyi-osoby\/\">Bankruptcy of a natural person<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>What to check regarding the amount of debt<\/h2>\n<p>Before entering into negotiations, we check:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>the limitation period<\/strong> \u2014 3 years for the principal debt, <strong>1 year<\/strong> for late payment interest and penalties (Article 258 of the Civil Code). A significant proportion of old debts are partially \u2018in arrears\u2019;<\/li>\n<li><strong>the amount of late payment interest<\/strong> \u2014 contractually agreed, but within the limits of the law;<\/li>\n<li><strong>the lawfulness of fees<\/strong> \u2014 for servicing, for issuing the loan, and the \u2018monthly fee\u2019 on the principal amount of the loan. The courts often recognise many of these as unfair terms;<\/li>\n<li><strong>interest charged by MFOs<\/strong> \u2014 this is where the most violations occur: the charging of \u2018300 per cent per annum\u2019, which is not provided for in the contract, or the continuation of interest accrual after the contract has expired;<\/li>\n<li><strong>is the debt legally assigned to debt collectors<\/strong> \u2014 and were you notified of the assignment of the claim;<\/li>\n<li><strong>is the guarantee agreement valid<\/strong> \u2014 guarantors are often held liable for debts from which they have long since been released.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Very often, following such an audit, the amount to be \u2018negotiated\u2019 is reduced by a third or more.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/restrukturyzacziya-infografika.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3840\" src=\"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/restrukturyzacziya-infografika.svg\" alt=\"Debt restructuring: what to check in the debt amount before negotiating with the bank\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Debts to MFIs and debt collectors<\/h2>\n<p>This is a separate category \u2014 and the one most vulnerable to challenge.<\/p>\n<p>Microfinance organisations often charge interest and penalties that go beyond the limits of the law and even beyond the terms of their own contracts. Debt collectors put pressure on people with sums they would be unable to substantiate in court.<\/p>\n<p>Our approach here is as follows: <strong>do not agree to a settlement, but verify the figures<\/strong>. It is often more advantageous to take the case to court, where the creditor must prove every hryvnia, than to sign a restructuring agreement for an amount plucked out of thin air.<\/p>\n<p>Illegal actions by debt collectors (threats, calls to relatives, pressure at work) are documented and challenged separately \u2014 right up to lodging complaints with the National Bank and the police.<\/p>\n<h2>When debt restructuring is not in your best interests<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>the debt amount is inflated<\/strong> \u2014 contest it first, then negotiate;<\/li>\n<li><strong>a significant portion of the debt consists of late payment charges and penalties<\/strong>, which the court will reduce anyway;<\/li>\n<li><strong>the limitation period has expired<\/strong> \u2014 why acknowledge something that can no longer be recovered? By signing the agreement, you are effectively <strong>reinstating<\/strong> the debt;<\/li>\n<li><strong>you objectively have no income<\/strong> \u2014 in that case, it\u2019s more honest to declare bankruptcy rather than agree to a new repayment plan, which you won\u2019t be able to meet anyway;<\/li>\n<li><strong>the bank is offering \u2018restructuring\u2019 involving the capitalisation<\/strong> of late payment charges and penalties into the principal debt \u2014 this increases the debt rather than reducing it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>When you don\u2019t need a solicitor<\/h2>\n<p>If the debt is small, the charges are transparent, the bank itself is offering reasonable terms, and you have the income to meet the new repayment plan \u2014 go ahead and sign. You don\u2019t need a solicitor here.<\/p>\n<p>You need a solicitor when:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>you <strong>do not understand what the total amount consists of<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>the debt <strong>is with debt collectors<\/strong> or microfinance organisations;<\/li>\n<li><strong>late payment charges and penalties<\/strong> make up a significant part of the total amount;<\/li>\n<li><strong>the creditor has already filed a claim<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>you <strong>are a guarantor<\/strong> for someone else\u2019s loan;<\/li>\n<li>the bank is offering terms that <strong>increase<\/strong> the debt;<\/li>\n<li>You need to understand which <strong>is more advantageous<\/strong>: debt restructuring or bankruptcy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How we work<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Debt audit<\/strong> \u2014 we check every component: principal, interest, late payment charges, fees, and limitation periods. <\/li>\n<li><strong>We calculate the actual amount<\/strong> that the creditor could recover in court.<\/li>\n<li><strong>We conduct negotiations<\/strong> \u2014 from a position of strength, rather than as a supplicant.<\/li>\n<li><strong>We draw up an agreement<\/strong> so that you do not have to accept anything unnecessary.<\/li>\n<li><strong>We challenge unlawful charges<\/strong> in court if a settlement cannot be reached.<\/li>\n<li><strong>We assess the alternative<\/strong> \u2014 whether bankruptcy might be more advantageous for you.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Cost of services<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Service<\/th>\n<th>Price<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Consultation<\/td>\n<td>from 1,500 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Legal opinion: debt audit and calculation of the actual amount<\/td>\n<td>from 5,000 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Negotiations with the creditor, preparation of a restructuring agreement<\/td>\n<td>from 5,000 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Preparation of procedural documents (statement of defence, counterclaim)<\/td>\n<td>from 5,000 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Participation in one court hearing<\/td>\n<td>from 3,000 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Legal representation in court<\/td>\n<td>from 10,000 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Comprehensive \u2018turnkey\u2019 representation in civil cases<\/td>\n<td>from 25,000 UAH<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/en\/cziny-poslug\/\">Full price list<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/svaroglaw.com\/en\/advokat-po-kredytam\/proczedura-bankrutstva-fizychnoyi-osoby\/\">Personal bankruptcy<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Questions and answers (Debt restructuring)<\/h2>\n<h3>Will part of the debt be written off during restructuring?<\/h3>\n<p>Penalties and fines \u2014 often yes, banks are happy to write these off. The principal debt is not written off without good reason: for this, there is bankruptcy or contract dispute.<\/p>\n<h3>Can late payment charges be reduced through the courts?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes. The court has the right to reduce the amount of the penalty if it is excessive in comparison with the creditor\u2019s losses (Article 551 of the Civil Code). Furthermore, a shortened limitation period of one year applies to claims for late payment charges.<\/p>\n<h3>Why shouldn\u2019t you sign the agreement straight away?<\/h3>\n<p>Because by signing, you acknowledge the amount of the debt. If the agreement contains unlawful fees, an excessive penalty or time-barred claims, it will be much more difficult to challenge them once you have signed.<\/p>\n<h3>What should you do about a debt to an MFI?<\/h3>\n<p>First, check the charges: that\u2019s where most violations occur. It is often more advantageous to take the case to court, where the creditor will have to prove every hryvnia, rather than agreeing to an arbitrary sum.<\/p>\n<h3>Are calls from debt collectors to relatives and at work legal?<\/h3>\n<p>No. Such actions breach the law and should be documented for a complaint to be lodged with the National Bank and law enforcement agencies. This also serves as a bargaining chip in negotiations.<\/p>\n<h3>Which is more advantageous: debt restructuring or bankruptcy?<\/h3>\n<p>It depends on the amount of debt, your income and assets. If you have sufficient income to meet a new repayment plan, then debt restructuring is the way forward. If, objectively speaking, you do not \u2014 bankruptcy is a more honest option than a repayment plan you will be unable to fulfil.<\/p>\n<h3>Does debt restructuring interrupt the limitation period?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes \u2014 and this is important. By acknowledging the debt through an agreement, you are effectively restarting the limitation period. If the limitation period has already expired, signing the agreement works against you.<\/p>\n<h3>I am a guarantor. Is there anything I can do?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes. A guarantee has its own expiry terms, and very often guarantors are held liable for obligations from which they are already legally released. This is checked separately.<\/p>\n<h3>What documents should I bring to the consultation?<\/h3>\n<p>The loan agreement with all annexes, the repayment schedule, a statement of debt, claims from the creditor or debt collectors, and court documents if a claim has already been filed.<\/p>\n<h2>Contacting a solicitor regarding debt restructuring with \u2018Svarog\u2019<\/h2>\n<p>Send us the loan agreement and the statement of debt \u2014 we will check how much of this amount the creditor could realistically recover in court. Very often, following an audit, negotiations begin from a completely different figure.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"tel:380955545424\">+38 095 554-54-24<\/a><\/strong> \u00b7 Kyiv, 7 Khoriva Street (Podil) \u00b7 Mon\u2013Fri 9.00\u201318.00<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Debt restructuring involves changing the terms of repayment: a new repayment schedule, reduced instalments, a deferral, or the partial write-off of late payment charges and penalties. The bank does not agree to this out of kindness, but out of self-interest: it is better to receive the money more slowly than not to receive it at [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2272,"parent":2301,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/with-sidebar.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2307","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Debt restructuring \u2014 negotiations with the bank, solicitor, lawyer<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Restructuring is not a \u2018debt write-off\u2019, but a new repayment schedule. 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